EECS 487: Lecture Notes

Labs:


	0. Warmup
	1. Line
	2. Triangle
	3. Modeling
	4. Viewing
	5. Lighting
	6. Texturing+PBO
	7. Ray Tracing
	8. Shadows+FBO
	9. Subdivision

PAs:


	1. Rasterization
	2. Scene, Camera, Lights!
	3. Buffers, Textures, Shaders
	4. Animation

	Image Gallery: PA1: F15, F14, W13, W12, W10 PA2: F15, S10, W10 PA3: F15, F14, W13 PA4: S10, W10

HWs:


	HW1
	HW2

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UM EECS487: Fall 2015 Syllabus and Lecture Slides

This page is only for printing. Links to lecture notes are broken. For links to lecture notes, go to main page.

Note:

The notation "up to section K" of a reading material means "up to and including section K."
"Demoes" may be shown in class. "Recommended readings" would be the first thing to consult if you're confused with the lecture material. "Additional readings" could help understanding. "Optional readings" may be fun. None are required. These are often the first publication of an idea. They often explain the ideas therein in their most basic forms, unadulterated with embelishments, contractions, and abstractions that came later. You get to view the "foundational stones," so to speak, up close, before they have been abstracted away into a sentence or two. You also get a chance to "observe the methodology of great scientists . . . . We can see how they framed problems, performed derivations, conducted experiments, and reported results in a way that enabled contributions that stood the test of time. With careful and clever methodology one can make discoveries beyond of what is directly sought, even if the importance of those discoveries will take years to fully appreciate."

Tentative syllabus: October | November | December

Wed 09/09 Assigned Lab0	Introduction to computer graphics and the course Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 1.1-1.3. Additional readings: Course note on Vectors and Matrices, 2010. Redbook Ch. 1. Optional reading: Applications of Matrices
Fri 09/11	Polygonal mesh, graphics pipeline Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 1.4-1.7.
Fri 09/11 ~~LAB~~	OpenGL and GLUT Additional readings: Course note on Building OpenGL/GLUT Programs, 2014. Redbook Ch. 2 (up to "Normal Vectors"), "Basics of GLUT". Appendix. Optional reading: Cook, Carpenter, Catmull, "The Reyes Rendering Architecture," Computer Graphics, 21(4):95-102, 1987.

Mon 09/14 LAB Assigned PA1	Lab0: Warmup
Wed 09/16	The GPU, raster graphics, line rasterization Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 2.1-2.4. Demoes: Vector displays Raster displays Additional reading: Blythe, D., "Rise of the Graphics Processor," Proc. of the IEEE, 96(5):761-778, May 2008 (up to section III.A, plus III.D). Optional readings: Akenine-Moeller and Stroem, "GPU for Handhelds," Proc. of the IEEE, 96(5):779-789, May 2008 (section V.A on Tiling Architectures). Smith, A.R., A Pixel is not a Little Square, 1995. Bresenham, J.E., "Algorithm for Computer Control of a Digital Plotter," IBM Systems Journal, 4(1):25-30, 1965.
Fri 09/18	Line clipping Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 2.9-2.9.2.
Fri 09/18 LAB	Lab1: Line rasterization

Mon 09/21	Triangle rasterization, polygon clipping Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 2.5, 2.6, 2.9.3.
Tue 09/22, 5pm	Lab1 Due during Lisa's office hour
Wed 09/23	Occlusion culling Recommended reading: TP3 Section 2.8, 5.5.1-5.6, Appendix E. Demoes: Brown's Nyquist Limit Texture aliasing Z-buffer BSP Tree Explore the Brown Applets Repository Additional reading: Crow, "The Aliasing Problem in Computer-Generated Shaded Images," CACM, 20(11):799-805, 1977. Optional reading: Wu, "An Efficient Antialiasing Technique," Computer Graphics, 25(4):143-152, 1991.
Fri 09/25	Anti-aliasing, compositing and the alpha channel; PA1 demo Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 6. Optional reading: Porter and Duff, "Compositing Digital Images," Computer Graphics, 18(3):253-259, 1984.
Fri 09/25 LAB	Lab2: Triangle rasterization

Mon 09/28 Assigned HW1	2D transforms: linear and affine transforms Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 3.1-3.6, 3.10, Appendix A. Demoes: 2D Geometric Transformations Brown's Affine Transforms Additional reading: Course note on Transforms, 2009. Optional reading: Matrices and Determinants.
Wed 09/30	Homogeneous coordinates and affine transforms, transforming normals Recommended readings: TP3 Section 3.7. Demo: Popovic's Change of Basis Additional reading: Course note on Rotations, 2010 (Section 1 only). Ahn, S.H., Homogeneous Coordinates, 2005.
Fri 10/02	3D modeling transforms, Rodrigues formula, change of basis Recommended reading: TP3 Section 3.8.
Fri 10/02 ~~LAB~~	Vertex array, viewing transforms Recommended readings: TP3 Ch. 4. Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 2 section on Vertex Arrays, Ch. 7.
Sat 10/03 12 noon PA1 Due Assigned PA2

Mon 10/04	Projection and projection transforms Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 3.
Wed 10/07	Projection transforms in OpenGL Demo: Perspective Camera Transformations Additional reading: Ahn, OpenGL Projection Matrix, 2008.
Fri 10/09	Scenegraph; Lighting and reflection (6.3 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Ch. 9, Sections 12.1-12.3. Additional readings: Course note on Specifying Command-line Options and Libraries, 2013. Redbook Ch. 5, Ch. 2 section on normal vectors and Appendix H. Blinn, "Models of Light Reflection for Computer Synthesized Pictures," Computer Graphics, 11(2):192-198, 1977 (lots of OCR errors). Optional readings: Strauss and Carey, "An Object-Oriented 3D Graphics Toolkit," Computer Graphics, pp. 341-349, 1992. Foping, "An Overview of OpenSceneGraph," May 2008 (full document).
Fri 10/09 LAB	Lab3: 3D Modeling and Transforms

Mon 10/12	Phong illumination model; Shading (6.5 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 12.4-12.6. Additional readings: Gouraud, H., "Continuous Shading of Curved Surfaces," IEEE Trans. on Computers, C-20(6):623-629, June 1971. Phong, B-T., "Illumination for Computer Generated Pictures," CACM, 18(6):311-317, June 1975.
Wed 10/14	Vertex-buffer object and vertex-array object Demo: gl3+webgl.tgz Additional readings: Redbook rest of Ch. 2. Optional readings:
Fri 10/16	Programmable shaders Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 15. TP3 Section 12.12. Owens, J.D. et al., "GPU Computing," Proc. of the IEEE, 96(5):879-899, May 2008 (up to section III.A). Cook, "Shade Trees," Computer Graphics, 18(3):223-231, 1984. Hanrahan and Lawson, "A Language for Shading and Lighting Calculations," Computer Graphics, 24(4):289-298, 1990. Optional readings: Fatahalian and Houston, "A Closer Look at GPUs," CACM, 51(10):50-57, 2008. Akenine-Moeller and Stroem, "GPU for Handhelds," Proc. of the IEEE, 96(5):779-789, May 2008. Blythe, D., "The Direct3D 10 System," Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH, 2006, and the accompanying presentation. Lindholm, Kilgard, and Moreton, "A User-Programmable Vertex Engine," Computer Graphics, 35(3):149-158, 2001 (nvidia's GeForce3 vertex engine). Mark, Glanville, Akeley, and Kilgard, "Cg: A system for programming graphics hardware in a C-like language," Computer Graphics, 37(2):896-907, 2003. Owens, J.D. et al., "A Survey of General-Purpose Computation on Graphics Hardware," Computer Graphics Forum, 26(1):80-13, 2007.
Fri 10/16 LAB	Lab4: Viewing and Perspective Transforms

Mon 10/19	FALL BREAK
Wed 10/21 HW1 Due	Application-shader interfacing Demo: gl3+webgl.tgz (same as above)
Fri 10/23	Brief history of graphics hardware, OpenGL ES, OpenGL 3.1+, WebGL: HTML5 canvas element, JavaScript Demo: gl3+webgl.tgz same as above
Fri 10/23 LAB	Lab5: Lighting and Vertex Buffer Object
Sat 10/24 12 noon PA2 Due Assigned PA3

Mon 10/26	NO Lecture: Midterm Review Session Midterm Exam 6:00-8:00 pm in 1013 Dow
Wed 10/28	Light and color, color spaces (8.4 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Section 11.3. Demo: Brown's Color Mixing Color Space Conversion Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 4. Optional reading: Rautio, J.C., "The Long road to Maxwell's Equations," IEEE Spectrum, 51(12):36-56, Dec. 2014. Newton, I., "New Theory About Light and Colors," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1671(6):3075-3087, Jan. 1671. Maxwell, J.C., "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1865(155):459-512, Jan. 1865.
Fri 10/30	Intensity, (high) dynamic range (7.7 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 11.2, 11.4, 11.5, 10.5. Optional readings: Debevec and Malik, "Recovering High Dynamic Range Radiance Maps from Photographs," Proc. of SIGGRAPH '97 Ward, Rushmeier, and Piatko, "A Visibility Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for High Dynamic Range Scenes," IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1997
Fri 10/30 ~~LAB~~ Make-up Lecture	Low-level APIs: Metal, D3D12, Vulkan (8.1 MB) Optional readings: Links on low-level APIs

Mon 11/02	Texture mapping: texture coordinates, perspective-correct interpolation, texture sampler (7.4 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 14.1-14.3, 2.7. Demoes: Texture mapping Perspective incorrect texture mapping (1) (2), corrected, and Gouraud Additional readings: Redbook Ch. 9. Blinn and Newell, "Texture and Reflection in Computer Generated Images," CACM, 19(10):542-547, 1976. Optional reading: Low, K-L., Perspective-Correct Interpolation, March 2002.
Wed 11/04	Pixel-buffer object and texture filtering: mipmapping, summed-area table, anisotropic filtering Recommended readings: TP3 Sections 14.4. Additional readings: Williams, "Pyramidal Parametrics," Computer Graphics, 17(3):1-11, 1983. Crow, "Summed-Area Tables for Texture Mapping," Computer Graphics, 18(3):207-212, 1984. Optional readings: Greene and Heckbert, "Creating Raster Omnimax Images from Mulitple Perspective Views Using the Elliptical Weighted Average Filter," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 6(6):21-27, June 1986. McCormack et al., "Feline: Fast Elliptical Lines for Anisotropic Texture Mapping," ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 243-250, 1999.
Fri 11/06	Bump and normal mapping; procedural textures Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 14.5-14.7 Demoes: Wood Texture Marble Texture Additional reading: Lengyel, E., Computing Tangent Space Basis Vectors for an Arbitrary Mesh, Terathon Software 3D Graphics Library, 2001. Optional readings: Blinn, "Simulation of Wrinkled Surfaces," Computer Graphics, 12(3):286-292, 1978 (lots of OCR errors). Perlin, "An Image Synthesizer," Computer Graphics, 19(3):287-296, 1985. Perlin, "Improving Noise," Transactions on Graphics, 21(3):681-682, 2002.
Fri 11/06 LAB	Lab6: Textures and Mapped Pixel Buffer Object

Mon 11/09 Assigned HW2	Introduction to global illumination and ray tracing (6.3 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 15.1-15.3. Demo: Refraction Additional reading: Whitted, "An Improved Illumination Model for Shaded Display," CACM, 23(6):343-349, 1980.
Wed 11/11	Ray tracing implementation Recommended reading: Shirley, Ashikmin, and Marschner, Fundamentals of Computer Graphics, Ch. 13, CRC Press, 2009.
Fri 11/13	Distributed ray tracing Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 15.1-15.3. Additional readings: Cook, Porter, and Carpenter, "Distributed Ray Tracing," Computer Graphics, 18(3):137-145, 1984. Cook, "Stochastic Sampling in Computer Graphics," ACM Transaction on Graphics, 5(1):51-72, 1986.
Fri 11/13 LAB	Lab7: Ray Tracing

Mon 11/16	Environment mapping, radiance map, accumulation buffer (5.4 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 12.11 Optional readings: Greene, "Environment Mapping and Other Applications of World Projections," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 6(11):21-29, Nov. 1986. Heidrich and Seidel, "Realistic, Hardware-accelerated Shading and Lighting," Proc. of SIGGRAPH '99, pp. 171-178, 1999. Cabral, Olano, and Nemec, "Reflections Space Image Based Rendering," Proc. of SIGGRAPH '99, pp. 165-170, 1999.
Wed 11/18	Interactive visual effects with stencil buffer and framebuffer object Demo: gl3+webgl.tgz (same as above) Additional readings: Haeberli and Akeley, "The Accumulation Buffer: Hardware Support for High-Quality Rendering," Computer Graphics, 24(4):309-318, 1990. Yang, Yip, and Xu, "Visual Effects in Computer Games," IEEE Computer, 42(7):48-56, July 2009 (video clips accompanying the paper). Optional readings: Kajiya, J.T., "The Rendering Equation," Computer Graphics, 20(4):143-150, Aug. 1986. SIGGRAPH 2008 course, Advances in Real-Time Rendering in 3D Graphics and Games. SIGGRAPH 2009 course, Real-Time Global Illumination for Dynamic Scenes. SIGGRAPH 2009 course, Beyond Programmable Shading.
Fri 11/20	Shadow map and ambient occlusion Recommended reading: TP3 Ch. 13. Additional reading: Redbook Ch. 10. Reeves, Salesin, and Cook, "Rendering Antialiased Shadows with Depth Maps," Computer Graphics, 21(4):283-291, 1987. Optional reading: Williams, "Casting Curved Shadows on Curved Surfaces," Computer Graphics, 12(3):270-274, 1978.
Fri 11/20 LAB PA3 Due Assigned PA4	NO LAB: Work on PA3

Mon 11/23	Introduction to animation, key-frame animation, kinematics, motion capture (11.2 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 17.1-17.2.3, 17.3, 17.4. Demoes: Michael Comet's Character animation Brown's Hierarchy of transformations Additional reading: Lasseter, "Principles of Traditional Animation Applied to 3D Computer Animation," Computer Graphics, 21(4):35-44, 1987.
Wed 11/25	Parametric curves and splines; cubic splines: Hermite, cardinal, Catmull-Rom Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 7.1, 7.5 (skim only, skip 7.5.3, 7.5.4) Demoes: Lagrange vs. Spline Interpolations Curve Interpolation Salter's Parametric Curves Demidov's Cardinal and Catmull-Rom splines Additional reading: Salter's Spline Curves and Surfaces Demidov's An Interactive Introduction to Splines
Fri 11/27	THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY
Fri 11/27 LAB	THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY

Mon 11/30	Modeling: polygonal mesh, simplification, LoD, mesh representations (6.6 MB)
Wed 12/02	Parametric surfaces: swept surfaces, arc length, geometric continuity, Bézier curves (12 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 7.2. Demoes: Unit Tangent and Normal Vectors Min's Bézier Curve Gravesen's de Casteljau Salter's Bézier curves Little's Bézier Patch Demidov's Bézier surface Demidov's Cubic Bézier patch with adaptive subdivision Additional reading: TP3 Appendix B. Redbook Ch. 12. Arc Length Curvature
Fri 12/04 HW2 Due	Natural cubic splines, B-splines, rational curves, NURBS Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 7.3 (skim 7.3.5), 7.4 (plus skim 7.5.3, 7.5.4), 7.6. Demoes: B-splines Salter's B-Spline Curves Demidov's Interpolating cubic B-spline Additional reading: Craig, B-Spline Curve, 2004. Bartles, R.H., Beatty, J.C., and Barsky, B.A, An Introduction to the Use of Splines in Computer Graphics, ACM SIGGARPH 1985 (323 pages). Optional reading: Farin, G., "From Conics to NURBS: a Tutorial and Survey," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 12(5):78-86, Setp. 1992.
Fri 12/04 LAB	Lab8: Projected (Soft) Shadows with Framebuffer Object

Mon 12/07	Tensor product and Bézier subdivision (8.5 MB)
Wed 12/09	(B-spline) Subdivision surfaces (12.5 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 8.1-8.4 (be sure to apply the errata first) Demoes: Demidov's Subdivision spline curves Demidov's Loop subdivision spline surface Demidov's Animated subdivision surfaces Additional readings: Catmull, E. and Clark, J., "Recursively generated B-spline surfaces on arbitrary topological meshes," Computer-Aided Design, 10(6):350-355, Nov. 1978. DeRose, T., Kass, M., and Troung, T., "Subdivision in Character Animation," Computer Graphics, pp. 85-94, 1998. Sharp, "Subdivision Surface Theory," Game Developer Magazine, Jan. 2000. Optional readings: Chaikin, G.M., "An Algorithm for High-Speed Curve Generation," Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 3(4):346-349, Dec. 1974. Riesenfeld, R.F., "On Chaikin's Algorithm," Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 4(3):304-310, Sept. 1975. Doo, D. and Sabin, M., "Behaviour of Recursive Division Surfaces near Extraordinary Points," Computer-Aided Design, 10(6):356-360, Nov. 1978. Catmull, E., A Subdivision Algorithm for Computer Display of Curved Surfaces, Tech. Report UTEC-CSc-74-133, University of Utah, 1974.
Fri 12/11	Skinning, quaternion, CSG, implicit surfaces, marching cube algorithm Recommended reading: TP3 Ch. 6. Additional readings: Course note on Rotations, 2010. Ahn, S.H., Euler's Equation, 2008. Ahn, S.H., Quaternion, 2008. McGuire, Quaternion, 2007. Redbook Ch. 11. Optional reading: Shoemake, "Animating Rotation with Quaternion Curves," Computer Graphics, 19(3):245-254, 1985.
Fri 12/11 LAB	Lab9: Subdivision Surfaces
Sat 12/12 12 noon	PA4 Due

Mon 12/14	Introduction to procedural modeling and physically-based and behavioral animations (9 MB) Recommended reading: TP3 Sections 3.9, 17.5, 17.6. Demo: Perlin's Walkers Additional readings: Reeves, "Particle Systems--A Technique for Modeling a Class of Fuzzy Objects," ACM Transaction on Graphics, 2(2):91-108, 1983. Reynolds, "Flocks, Herds, and Schools: A Distributed Behavioral Model," Computer Graphics, 21(4):25-34, 1987. Kanyuk, "Brain Springs: Fast Physics for Large Crowds in WALLE," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 29(4):19-25, July/August 2009 (video clips accompanying paper). Optional readings: Reeves, "Approximate and probabilistic algorithms for shading and rendering structured particle systems," Computer Graphics, 19(3):313-322, 1985. Witkin and Baraff, "Differential Equation Basics," SIGGRAPH '97 Course Notes, 1997. Roble and Zafar, "Don't Trust Your Eyes: Cutting-Edge Visual Effects," IEEE Computer, 42(7):35-41, July 2009 (video clips accompanying the paper). Witkin, "Particle System Dynamics," SIGGRAPH '97 Course Notes, 1997. Stam, "Real-Time Fluid Dynamics for Games," Proc. of GDC '03*.
Mon 12/14, 6-8 pm	Final Exam Review in 2150 DOW

Mon 12/21	Final Exam 10:30-12:30 in 2150 DOW